As steel is heated above critical temperature (approx. 1335 F) it undergoes a phase change, recrystallizing as austenite. Continued heating to approx. 1450 - 1500F assures complete conversion to austenite. The high chrome and nickel content of austenitic stainless steel suppresses the transformation on cooling to a ferrite/cementite, keeping the material fully austenite, as well as rendering it essentially non-magnetic in the annealed condition. This gives austenitic stainless steels excellent cryogenic properties, good high-temperature strength and oxidation resistance. Excellent corrosion resistance, non-magnetic properties and exceptionally high toughness at all temperatures make these steels suitable for a wide variety of applications.
| Density: | 7.90 g/cu cm | 0.285 lbs/cu in |
| Melting Point: | 1.399 - 1421 C | 2550 - 2590 F |
| Specific Gravity: | 7.90 |
| Temperature | 10-6 ohm-cm | 10-6 ohm-in | |
|---|---|---|---|
| C | F | ||
| 20 | 68 | 72 | 28.3 |
| 100 | 212 | 78 | 30.7 |
| 200 | 392 | 86 | 33.8 |
| 400 | 752 | 100 | 39.4 |
| 600 | 1112 | 111 | 437 |
| 800 | 1472 | 121 | 47.6 |
| 900 | 1652 | 126 | 49.6 |
| Temperature | W/mK | Btu/hr.ft.F | |
|---|---|---|---|
| C | F | ||
| 100 | 212 | 16.3 | 9.4 |
| 500 | 932 | 21.4 | 12.4 |
| Temperature | cm/cm/C 10-6 | in/in/F 10-6 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| C | F | ||
| 0-100 | 32-212 | 9.6 | |
| 0-316 | 32-600 | 9.9 | |
| 0-538 | 32-1000 | 10.2 | |
| 0-649 | 32-1200 | 10.4 | |
| Percent Cold Work | 304 SS | 304 L SS |
|---|---|---|
| Annealed | 1.005 | 1.015 |
| 1/4 Hard | 1.009 | 1.064 |
| 1/2 Hard | 1.163 | 3.235 |
| Full Hard | 2.291 | 8.480 |
| Property | 304 SS | 304 L SS |
|---|---|---|
| Brinell | 201 | 201 |
| Rb | 92 | 92 |
| Alloy | Temper | Tensile Stength Minimum (PSC) | Yield Strength Minimum 0.2% offset |
|---|---|---|---|
| 304 | Annealed | 75,000 | 30,000 |
| 304 | 1/4 Hard | 125,000 | 75,000 |
| 304 | 1/2 Hard | 150,000 | 110,000 |
| 304 | Full Hard | 185,000 | 140,000 |
Modulus of Elasticity, Annealed: 29,000 KSI
| C 0.08% Max. | Mn 20% Max. | P 0.045% |
| Cu 0.75% Max | Mo 0.75% Max. | S 0.05% |
| Cr 18-20% | N 0.10% Max. | Si 1.00% Max. |
| Fe Balance | Ni 8-10.5% Max. |
| Grade | Typical Carbon Content |
|---|---|
| 304 L | Low Carbon 0.03% Max. |
| 304 | Medium Carbon 0.08% Max. |
| 304 H | High Carbon 0.10% Max. |
The lower carbon in Type 304 L has lower corrosion rate than the higher carbon type 304 alloy when exposed to formic acid, sulfuric acid and Sodium Hydroxide.
Stainless Steel Surface Finish Data
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Updated: 6 May 2008 |
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